Uses of Animal

Uses oe Animals : a. Food : Milk and meat. b. Farm work : Help in the farm work which involves physhcal labour. c. Fuels : Cattle-dung pats and biogas. d. Manure and fertilizer : Cattle-dung, sheep droppings, etc. e. Skins of dead animals : Useful articles are made from hides such as purses, belts, water skins, horse's harness, footwear, garments. f. Bones : fertilizers, bone meal, needles, combs, ornamental articles are made from bones of animals. Bone marrow is used to make glue or gelatine. g. Cords made from intestines : i) Stiching the surgical wounds. ii) Strings of string (musical) instruments h. Hairs : For making paint brushes. I. Fat : Fat is used as food, besides makhng soaps, candle, grease, and in garments industry. J. Messengers (carrying msgs) : In olden times pigeons were use for carrying msgs. Even today they are use to carry msgs in special situations.

How soil is made ?

Soil formation is slow, time taking, and takes millions of year to form 1-5 cm layer of soil. The process is ultimately called weathering. 1. The process by which rocks are transformed into soil is called weathering. 2. The weathering of rocks converts them into smaller and smaller particles which eventually form the soil. 3. The various element of nature such as rivers, rainwater, winds and continuous changes in weather cause weathering. 4. Rodents like rats and bandicoots make burrows in the soil. This biological process goes on in the ground continuously and causes weathering.

Carbon and its Allotropes.

Carbon has three allotropes discovered till now i] Diamond ii] Graphite iii] Fullerene But what is allotropes ? Do we know I] Diamond : (a) Millions of yrs ago, brilliant and pure diamonds were formed by the crystallisation of carbon under tremendous pressure. b] In the diamond crystal, each carbon atom is linked to four other carbon atoms at specific distance. c] Brilliant, pure diamonds is the hardest known substance. d] It is a bad conductor of electricity. e] When it is heated to a very high temparature, it give out carbon dioxide. f] It doesn't reacts with acid and alkalies. g] When pure carbon is subjected to extreme high pressure and very high temparature, synthetic diamondr are formed. II] Graphite : a) Graphite is a hexagonal crystal. b) Six carbon atoms form a hexagonal and are at specific distances from each other. Thus, the regular arrangement of atoms in graphite is in layers c] Within each layer, every Carbon atom has three other carbon atoms around it at equal distances. d] The graphite is black, soft, and smooth and it is a good conductor of heat and electricity. e] It is used in pencils. f] It is used as positive electrode in dry cell g] It is used as lubricant. III] Fullerene : a] It is a allotrope of carbon atoms are linked to form a stable structure. b] C60 atoms are joined to each other in pentagonal and hexagonal arrangement. As a result, the structure of fullerene is exactly like a football. c] The properties of fullerene are still being studied. Scientist believe that fullerene may prove of great use in research related to superconductivity.

The construction and functions of electric doorbell.

Every time when we goes to frnds house or to any relatives house We always enjoy.........'tring,trong' 'tring,trong' Ya ! Definately its the sound of doorbell...electric doorbell. Do u know what is inside the doorbell that make the sound,what is its constructions. Today we will discuss about doorbell, lets starts. 1. The construction of an electric doorbell. The circuit consist of an electro-magnet, electric cell, a switch, a flexible strip of soft iron with a striker and a contant screw. The gong and striker are also present. 2. Working: When the switch is closed, a current flows in the circuit. Hence, the iron strip is attracted by the electromagnet, the metal striker strikes the metal gong and the sound is produced. Now, a gap is produced between the contact screw and the iron strip. Hence, there is no current in the circuit and the electromagnet no more attracts the iron strip. The strip being flexible returns to its normal position making contact with the screw. Therefore, the circuit is completed and sound is produced as explained earlier. The making and breaking of circuit takes place a large number of times every second and the bell continues to ring as long as the swith is closed.

Construction of Dry cell.

We alway's use a small cell, called dry cell. But have we imagined how does it work, whats secret is behind it. But today I will give its total functioning, working and everyyything. So don't get bore I will not take your much time But I apologise for my 1 mistake today my Internet connection is not well, so I haven't put any images of it but don't worry you will it google. Ohkk Lets start set the club on fire just rock ... A dry cell consist of a zinc (zn) container acting as negative electrode (cathode), whereas the carbon rod placed in centre act as positive electrode (anode), the gap between these electrode is filled with the mixture of finely powdered manganese dioxide (MnO2) and grapite ( C ) in a bag of thin material. The space between the between cylindrical zinc container bag is fille with moist paste of zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). The carbon rod is fitted with a metal cap. The cell is sealed. [ Note : In this cell, the chemical reaction giving rise to electric current is very slow. Hence, it has a longer life than other cells. ]

Electro Magnetisms and its types.

I would not like to take your 'amulya' (precious) time to share value less life. Magnetic field of an electric current : A current carrying conductor behaves like a magnet. A magnetic field is produced around it by the electric current. Electromagnetic induction : If there is change in the magnetic field associated with a coil of wire, an electric current is produced in coil. It is called an induced current and the corresponding phenomenon is called electromagnetic induction. In electromagnetic induction (1) An electric current flows through the coil as long as the magnet is moving ( or as long as the magnetic field is changing ) (2) The direction of current depends upon the direction of motion of the magnet ( or on the way the magnetic field changes ). The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction was discoved by Michael Faraday. Applications: Electric motor : The production of magnetic field by an electric current is made use of in an electric motor.

Wonderful and Highly flammable Marsh Gas.

Why is Marsh Gas ? What is its use ? How it is produced ? Its scientific and chemicalogical information ? We will now discuss all above question Marsh gas is actually a useful and inflammable Methane gas. It can be used as an fuel also It is used in the production of acetylene. As it forms in marshy lands, it is called as marsh gas Also it can be prepared in Labs, see how it is done, methane is produced by heating a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to 300 degree celsius in the presence of catalyst nickel. CO + 3H2 --300'C--nickel---> CH4 + H2O Methane is an odourless, tasteless and colourless gas. Its lighter than air and insoluble in water. Methane is highly inflammable and burns with a blue flame. Scientific classification and origin. Carbon compounds are of two types : i) Cyclic and ii) Acyclic again Cyclic hydrocarbon are of two types : i) Saturated and ii) Unsaturated again Saturated is ultimately term as 'alkane' molecular formula CnH2n+2 its first member is Methane formula - CH4 It has 1 atom of carbon bounded with 4 hydrogen atom.

Antibiotics : Revenge to micro organism

Doctors gives us, ..eh...what we call to that....micro.....micro organism revenge tablet....Antibiotics, Yep ! Antibiotics But many of the people think that, what are these antibiotics ? See I have got much interest in that antibiotics I have found this information from Dad. 1. Antibiotics are substances which can kill a particular microorganism. 2. Antibiotics can control spread of disease by killing specific microorganisms. 3. In 1928, Alexander Fleming first discovered the antibiotics properties in the fungus, Penicillium. He discovered that a particular substance from this fungus can kill microorganisms. 4. Based on this discovery the well known antibiotic, penicillin was discovered from Penicillium fungus. 5. Similarly anthbiotics such as, Chloromycetin, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, Erythromycin can be produced from different microorganisms. 6. These antibiotics can cure diseases such as typhoid, tuberculosis and pneumonia.

Most interesting topic of biology : Biotechnology.

BIOTECHNOLOGY : 1. Biotechnology is the new advancing field of science. 2. Rare and endangered species are protected with the help of biotechnology. 3. Local species show many favourable characteristics such as resistance to disease, survival in adverse conditions and shorter life cycles. 4. These local species are crossed with new ones to get the advantages of such characteristics. 5. For this, strains of local species have to be preserved carefully. For this purpose seed banks have been established. Gene banks have also been started to preserve the advantageous genes of local varieties. In this way biotechnology is used for preserving biodiverty.